Equivalence Problem for Non-Linearizable Fourth-Order ODEs with Five-Dimensional Lie Symmetry subalgebra via Inductive Cartan Equivalence Method

Abstract

Four coframes of invariant 1-forms are explicitly constructed using the Inductive Cartan equivalence method with rank zero corresponding to four distinct branches. These coframes are employed to characterize non-linearizable fourth-order ODEs under point transformation with a five-point symmetry Lie subalgebra. Moreover, we propose a procedure for obtaining the point transformation by using the derived invariant coframes, demonstrated through examples.