Triple Configuration of Brain Networks Based on Recurrent Neural Networks: The Synergistic Effects of Exogenous Stimuli, Task Demands, and Spontaneous Activity

Abstract

The foundation of cognitive flexibility and higher-order intelligence lies in the functional structure and activity of brain networks, which can be dynamically configured by both external environments and internal states. However, decoding these dynamics from high-dimensional neural data remains a challenge. In this study, we propose a computational framework using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) with neural dynamic constraints to model source-localized resting-state EEG data from $114$ participants. We aim to clarify the "triple brain network configurations" driven by exogenous and endogenous factors, including external stimuli, information processing tasks, and spontaneous activities. Our model identifies the parietal network as a critical hub supporting these multiple configuration patterns. Furthermore, we reveal that the anterior and posterior parietal regions exhibit distinct functional specializations under different stimulus modalities. By formalizing a triple configuration framework, this work separates latent factors of brain dynamics and underscores the computational significance of parietal regions in orchestrating higher-order intelligence.