Gradual eigenvector ergodization in coupled Ginibre matrices

Abstract

Non-Hermitian random matrices provide a useful framework for understanding universal characteristics of dissipative quantum chaotic systems with loss or gain. We consider a model of two such system represented by two independent $N\times N$ complex Ginibre matrices interacting via a deterministic matrix $c{\bf 1}_N$, where $c$ is the complex coupling parameter whose magnitude $|c|$ controls the interaction strength. We characterize quantitatively how the eigenvectors of the whole system, initially localized in one of the individual subsystems for $|c|=0$, eventually spread over the full system with growing interaction strength. The resulting asymptotic formula describing such spread in the limit $N\to \infty$ is very explicit and provides a full picture of the gradual ergodization of eigenvectors as a function of the coupling parameter $|c|$ in the whole transition regime. As a by-product of our method we also compute the mean eigenvalue density for our model at the origin of the spectral bulk $z=0$ in the fully ergodic regime, when the coupling is scaled with the matrix size as $c=\sqrt{N}\tilde{c}$. We find that as $N\to \infty$ the limiting density at the origin vanishes beyond the critical value $|\tilde{c}|=1$, signalling of a split of the density support in the complex plane into two disjoint domains.