Families of Shape-Wilf-Equivalent Claw-Shaped Partially Ordered Patterns

Abstract

Partially ordered patterns (POPs) generalize classical permutation patterns and have been extensively studied in the contexts of permutations, words, compositions, and partitions. Burstein, Han, Kitaev, and Zhang established the shape-Wilf-equivalence for individual claw-shaped POPs. In this paper, we extend their result by proving that certain families of claw-shaped POPs are shape-Wilf-equivalent and enumerate the number of permutations avoiding that set of claw-shaped POPs. Our approach is based on a new encoding process, which is entirely different from the method used in their work.