Cohen-Macaulayness of formal fibers and dimension of local cohomology modules

Abstract

Let $(R, \mathfrak{m} )$ be a Noetherian local ring, $M$ a finitely generated $R$-module of dimension $d$. Set $\mathfrak{a}(M):=\mathfrak{a}_0(M)\cdots \mathfrak{a}_{d-1}(M)$, where $\mathfrak{a}_i(M):={\rm Ann}_RH^i_{\mathfrak{m}}(M)$ for $i\geq 0$. In this paper, we study the Cohen-Macaulayness of formal fibers of $R$ in the relation with the dimension ${\rm dim} (R/\mathfrak{a}(M)).$ We prove that ${\rm dim} (R/\mathfrak{a}(M))<d$ if and only if $R/\mathfrak{p}$ is unmixed and the generic formal fiber of $R/\mathfrak{p}$ is Cohen-Macaulay for all $\mathfrak{p}\in{\rm Supp}_R(M)$ with ${\rm dim} (R/\mathfrak{p})=d.$ In general, $R/\mathfrak{p}$ is unmixed and the generic formal fiber of $R/\mathfrak{p}$ is Cohen-Macaulay for all $\mathfrak{p}\in{\rm Supp}_R(M)$ with ${\rm dim} (R/\mathfrak{p})>{\rm dim} (R/\mathfrak{a}(M)).$ As applications, we explore the structure of local rings and the dimension, the closedness of non Cohen-Macaulay locus of finitely generated modules.