Prescribing geodesics and a variational problem for Riemannian metrics

Abstract

Given a prescription of unparametrised paths on a manifold $M$, one path for each tangent direction, we may ask whether these paths agree with the geodesics of a Riemannian metric on $M$. Generically, this is not the case. Motivated by this fact, we introduce a non-negative functional $\mathcal{E}$ on the space of Riemannian metrics on $M$ so that $\mathcal{E}(g)=0$ if and only if the geodesics of the metric $g$ agree with the prescribed paths. We compute the variational equations for $\mathcal{E}$ and show that the conformal variational equation is, perhaps surprisingly, of Yamabe type. This allows us to obtain existence results for conformally critical points of $\mathcal{E}$. In particular, in the surface case, every conformal class contains a conformally critical metric, unique up to homothety. As a by-product, we establish that the Blaschke metric of a properly convex projective surface is a critical point for $\mathcal{E}$.