Rationality problem for norm one tori of tensor products of étale algebras and Hasse norm principle

Abstract

Let $k$ be a field. Let $A=\prod_{i=1}^r K_i$ and $B=\prod_{j=1}^s E_j$ be étale $k$-algebras where $K_i$ and $E_j$ are finite separable field extensions of $k$ with $[K_i:k]=m_i$ and $[E_j:k]=n_j$. Let $\mathcal{T}_A=R^{(1)}_{A/k}(\mathbb{G}_m)$ be the norm one torus of the étale $k$-algebra $A$. We prove that if $\gcd(m_i,n_j\mid 1\leq i\leq r, 1\leq j\leq s)=1$ and $\mathcal{T}_A$ and $\mathcal{T}_B$ are stably $($resp. retract$)$ $k$-rational, then the algebraic $k$-torus $\mathcal{T}_A\otimes \mathcal{T}_B$ and the norm one torus $\mathcal{T}_{A\otimes B}$ are stably $($resp. retract$)$ $k$-rational. In particular, if $k$ is a global field, then the Hasse norm principle holds for $(A\otimes B)/k$. We introduce a new invariant of $G$-lattices, the permutation order, whose triviality is equivalent to invertibility, and use it to study the rationality of tensor products $T_1\otimes T_2$ of algebraic $k$-tori. As an application, we obtain large families of field extensions $K/k$ for which the Hasse norm principle holds.