Entanglement-facilitated macroscopic cluster formation in quantum many-body dynamics

Abstract

The capacity of a quantum many-body system to preserve global information -- encoded in the non-local correlations -- is a prerequisite for robust quantum computing. Unlike local degrees of freedom, large structures offer inherent resilience to noise, but their stability is often compromised by dynamical fragmentation and local excitations. In this work, we investigate under what initial conditions the quantum dynamics can sustain system-size cluster structures by examining false-vacuum decay dynamics in a 2D quantum Ising model. We find that while product states rapidly fragment into uncorrelated domains, initial-state entanglement suppresses the proliferation of true-vacuum bubbles and stabilises macroscopic connected clusters. We find that this passive stabilisation is not a mere consequence of entanglement entropy but rather depends on the specific pre-quench correlations. Our results establish a connection between initial-state preparation and the preservation of global structures, highlighting the role of entanglement for the passive protection of information in 2D quantum many-body simulation.