Quantum fluctuations in quartet superfluid of two-dimensional Fermi mixture

Abstract

We study quantum fluctuations in quartet superfluid (QSF) of two-dimensional (2D) fermion mixtures with mass imbalance. Here QSF is a high-order superfluid that corresponds to the condensation of ($1+3$) clusters, each consisting of a light fermion and three heavy ones. By incorporating the Gaussian fluctuations respecting dominant four-body correlations in this system, our theory successfully produces the logarithmic dependence of the 2D equation of state in the deep binding regime, thereby offering a correct physical picture of quartet clusters behaving as composite bosons. By extending the Gaussian fluctuation theory from pairing to quartet superfluids, our results shed light on quantum fluctuations in general fermion superfluids with arbitrarily high-order correlations.