Quantum Erasure Imaging: Complementary Modalities from Delayed-Choice Erasure
Abstract
Quantum Erasure Imaging (QEI) turns delayed-choice erasure into a practical imaging protocol. Entangled photon pairs encode two classical modalities, absorption T(x,y) and a phase-sensitive cosine quadrature of ϕ(x,y), reconstructed from a single run of time-tagged coincidences by retrospective sorting on a remote ancilla. Measuring the ancilla in H/V yields T via which-path information; D/A yields interference visibility 2TT+1ϕ; and a rotated orthonormal analyzer continuously trades between them. We derive balanced two-port estimators whose denominators are analyzer independent (completeness / no signaling), together with Fisher information (FI) and Cramér--Rao bounds (CRBs) that establish an equivalence to time division under labeled randomization. The advantages of QEI are operational: single-run acquisition, perfect co-registration, and remote / delayed mode choice. We illustrate the protocol with Monte-Carlo simulations and open source our code.
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