Revisiting Time Evolution and Spatial Distribution of a Resonance

Abstract

A resonance can be represented by the Gamow vector $|ψ^{\rm Gamow}\rangle$ in the complex momentum space $|\vec p e^{-iθ}\rangle$. In this work we revisit its representation $|ψ^{\rm phys}\rangle$ in the real momentum space $|\vec p \rangle$ through the analytical continuation of Gamow wavefunction, which also satisfies with the Hamilton eigenequation with the assistance of a few discrete virtual state vectors whose kinetic energies are the complex eigenmass. Both the decreasing behavior of the resonance and the production of the decayed scattering states can be both simultaneously described by the time evolution $|ψ^{\rm phys},t\rangle=\exp(-iH t) \, |ψ^{\rm phys}\rangle$. The $|ψ^{\rm phys},t=0\rangle$ gives the finite-range confinement of the resonance while the $|ψ^{\rm phys},t\to +\infty\rangle$ provides a Breit-Wigner-like distribution of the final scattering states whose appearance probability is nonzero as $r\to \infty$. A toy model in hadron physics is used and numerically shows the above picture.