Spreading speeds for nonlocal Fisher--KPP equations with time-dependent asymmetric kernels

Abstract

This paper investigates spreading speeds for nonautonomous Fisher--KPP equations with nonlocal diffusion. The dispersal kernel depends on time and may be asymmetric in space. We assume exponential boundedness of the kernel and the existence of uniform mean values. Under these assumptions, the rightward and leftward spreading speeds are proved to be given by the linearly determined formula. The proof is based on comparison arguments, a refined maximum principle and proper sub- and super-solutions. The result includes, in particular, periodic, almost periodic, and uniquely ergodic time dependence. And it allows kernels whose support does not contain the neighborhood of the origin.