Galactic Cosmic Ray Transport in the Giant Circumgalactic Medium Halo

Abstract

Recent observations have revealed that the Milky Way is embedded in a massive circumgalactic medium (CGM) extending to several hundred kiloparsecs. Such an extended gaseous halo acts as both a reservoir of baryons and potentially as a confinement volume for Galactic cosmic rays (CRs). We investigate CR transport in this giant Galactic halo and compare its properties with those of conventional small-halo models. In the giant-halo scenario, the halo height is no longer a free parameter, but instead relates to the extent of the source region. We show that CR transport within the source region remains similar to that in small-halo models, while substantial differences emerge at larger distances. In the giant-halo scenario, CRs develop an extended approximately 1/r spatial tail and exhibit a broader age distribution than the small-halo case. This model is shown to be consistent with current secondary-to-primary CR measurements. We further find that uncertainties associated with Galactic gas distributions are comparable to those arising from nuclear spallation cross sections. These results suggest that the giant-halo model provides a physically motivated alternative to conventional small-halo models and may have important implications for diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino emission from the Galactic environment.