Thickness dependence of diode efficiency in superconducting Fe(Se,Te)/FeTe thin-film heterostructure devices

Abstract

The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is a nonreciprocal transport phenomenon, in which the superconducting critical current density depends on the polarity of the current. It has attracted recent attention because of its potential applications to a rectifier without energy dissipation. While SDE has been observed in a wide range of superconducting materials with broken inversion symmetry as well as thin-film heterostructures, the microscopic origin linking structural inversion asymmetry of electronic band, spin-orbit interaction, and vortex pinning remains to be clarified. In this study, we investigate SDE in Fe(Se,Te)/FeTe heterostructure devices as a function of the superconducting Fe(Se,Te) layer thickness tFST to elucidate the role of structural inversion asymmetry on the vortex-induced SDE. We find that the SDE efficiency monotonically increases with increasing tFST, which can be understood by considering that the band bending in the bulk Fe(Se,Te) layer induces the structural inversion asymmetry and thus, the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. In addition, we demonstrate almost 100% rectification for the Fe(Se,Te)/FeTe heterostructure devices in half- and full-wave oscillation configurations. Our findings point out the importance of structural architecture for realization of highly efficient SDE devices based on superconducting thin-film heterostructures.