Degree-restricted semi-saturation numbers of cliques and its applications

Abstract

A graph $G$ is said to be $F$-semi-saturated if the addition of any nonedge $e \not \in E(G)$ would create a new copy of $F$ in $G+e$. The semi-saturation number $ssat(n,F)$ is the minimum number of edges in an $F$-semi-saturated graph of order $n$. In this paper we investigate the semi-saturation number of $K_r$ on $n$ vertices with maximal degree at most $Δ$, denoted by $ssat^Δ(n,K_r)$. This investigation was suggested by Erd\H os, Rényi and Sós, who in 1966 considered the graph of diameter 2 with degree restrictions, equivalently $ssat^Δ(n,K_3)$. The following are some of our results. For arbitrary $r \geq 4$, we show that the limit $ \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} ssat^{cn}(n,K_r)/n$ exists for all $0 < c \leq 1$, except for some sparse values of $c$ contained in a countable and rational sequence $c_i \rightarrow 0$. Moreover, we establish the asymptotic behaviour of this limit for $\frac{r}{r+2} < c <1$ and determine the exact value of $ssat^Δ(n,K_r)$ for some specific $Δ$. As an application, we determine the relation between the saturation number of the join graph $K_r \vee F$ and that of $F$ for a large class of pairs $(r,F)$.