Anomalous Duffing mechanics of a suspended carbon nanotube quantum dot at ultrastrong coupling

Abstract

At cryogenic temperatures, suspended single-wall carbon nanotube quantum dots act both as prototypical quantum dots as well as high-quality factor mechanical resonators. Single-electron tunneling enables reaching an ultrastrong electron-vibron coupling regime, where the coupling parameter exceeds the vibration frequency. Due to the high quality factors, a strongly nonlinear Duffing response is easily reached. Here, we quantitatively study the Duffing response parameters of such a device and their relation to Coulomb blockade oscillation. At the edges of single-electron tunneling regions, a local increase of the Duffing parameter corresponding to a stiffening spring is observed. Size and approximate scaling of the effect agree with single-electron tunneling phenomena, which however should lead to softening spring behaviour. Possible causes of these puzzling results are discussed.