Onsager-Type Energy Equality and Prodi--Serrin Uniqueness for Nernst--Planck Fluid Systems

Abstract

We study weak solutions of electrodiffusion systems coupling the Nernst--Planck equations with fluid models. First, for the three-dimensional Nernst--Planck--Euler system, we establish an Onsager-type criterion for the validity of the coupled kinetic-electrostatic energy balance. The energy equality is shown to hold for weak solutions whose velocity satisfies critical Besov regularity and a vanishing dyadic flux condition. Furthermore, assuming the corresponding Onsager-type regularity for the ionic concentrations, we also prove parabolic regularity, preservation of non-negativity of the concentrations, and the associated charge-density energy identity. Second, for the three-dimensional Nernst--Planck--Navier--Stokes system, we prove a Prodi--Serrin-type uniqueness criterion for Leray--Hopf solutions: uniqueness in the Leray--Hopf class holds whenever the velocity field lies in the Ladyzhenskaya--Prodi--Serrin class $L^p_tL^q_x$ with $2/p+3/q=1$ and $q>3$. These results extend energy-equality and weak--strong uniqueness principles from incompressible fluid dynamics to electrodiffusion models involving convection, diffusion, and self-consistent electrostatic forcing.