Alternating Optimization for Joint Resource Allocation in Full-Duplex Multi-Sector Fluid Antenna-Enabled Near-Field Systems

Abstract

This paper proposes a full duplex fluid antenna near field system (FD-FANS) with a multi-sector antenna array that jointly exploits resource allocation, antenna mobility, and group-based transmitting (TX) and receiving (RX) partitioning. A spherical wave uplink downlink channel is established that accounts for residual self interference (SI), wireless energy transfer (WET), and geometric constraints on antenna motion. Within the FD-FANS framework, an efficient protocol is devised to enable simultaneous downlink energy transmission (DET) and uplink data transmission (UDT) at the base station (BS). Furthermore, we formulate, for both perfect and imperfect SI cancellation (SIC), a weighted sum rate (WSR) maximization problem over time power allocation, antenna positions, and binary group selection, under practical average and peak power limits, per antenna box constraints, minimum spacing, and a half TX half RX balance. To tackle the resulting non convex mixed integer design, we develop an efficient alternating optimization (AO) framework based on majorization minimization successive convex approximation (MM SCA). The proposed algorithm monotonically improves the objective and converges to a stationary solution of a continuous relaxation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves consistent performance gains over several benchmark designs, including half duplex FANS (HD FANS), FD fixed position antenna near field system (FD FPANS), non-grouped FD FANS, and far field counterparts, in terms of average sum rate (ASR), energy efficiency (EE), and user fairness, while exhibiting robustness to residual SI and channel uncertainty.