Semi-uniform stability estimates for impedance passive systems with saturated feedback *

Abstract

This article investigates the long-time behavior of (possibly infinite-dimensional) impedance passive systems under saturated output feedback and external disturbances. We assume that, in the absence of saturation and disturbances, the underlying linear output feedback exponentially stabilizes the system. Our main contribution is to show that fractional Sobolev regularity of the free output is preserved by the nonlinear feedback. More precisely, if the initial condition belongs to a suitable interpolation space associated with the linear closed-loop generator, then both the output and the state of the nonlinear closed-loop system inherit the corresponding fractional regularity. This regularity is sufficiently weak to be shared by the linear and nonlinear closed-loop systems, thereby avoiding the identification of the nonlinear generator domain. Combining this regularity result with observability estimates for the linear system yields a characterization of the asymptotic behavior of the nonlinear closed-loop system in the presence of disturbances. In particular, under the impedance passivity framework and exact observability and regularity assumptions, we establish a semi-uniform input-tostate stability property. The theory is illustrated by a multidimensional wave equation with nonlinear boundary damping.