Investigating the star formation histories of galaxies from Cosmic Dawn to the Epoch of Reionization with the Santa Cruz SAM
Abstract
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has opened a new window onto galaxy evolution in the very early Universe. In this work, we leverage halo merger trees extracted from the GUREFT dark-matter-only cosmological simulation suite together with the Santa Cruz semi-analytic model (SAM) for galaxy formation to investigate the predicted star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies from cosmic dawn (z ~ 14) to the end of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR; z~6). While we find that on average, median SFHs of galaxies across all masses are uniformly and rapidly rising over time from 14 < z < 6 as expected, individual galaxy SFHs show a range of diverse SFHs, even for a fixed terminal mass or redshift, with bursts and mini-quenching episodes in agreement with SFHs inferred from observations. The median lookback time to form the youngest 50% (t50) and 90% (t90) of galaxies' stars decreases weakly with increasing stellar mass, and strongly with the redshift of observation. For galaxies at z>12, we find typical values of t50 < 30 Myr and t90 < 70 Myr, a factor of ~3 to 4 shorter than for comparable galaxies near the end of EoR (z ~ 6). The young-star dominated nature of stellar populations in ultra-high-z galaxies implies that careful modelling of young stellar populations is crucial for obtaining accurate synthetic photometry. In addition, our results have important implications for interpreting observational indicators of star formation histories and timescales.
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