Relativistic Vorticity in the Quark-Gluon Plasma: Generation Symmetries, Explosive Dilution, and Azimuthal Spin Alignment

Abstract

This article provides a self-contained bridge between classical vortex dynamics and the relativistic, subatomic domain of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. While the QGP is widely studied for its near-perfect fluidity, we focus on its role as the most vortical medium in the Universe ($ω\sim 10^{22}\text{ s}^{-1}$). The originality of our approach lies in isolating the explicit physical competition between non-linear vortex stretching and violent relativistic volumetric dilatation. By solving the covariant transport equations and tracking the comoving enstrophy density, we demonstrate that the explosive kinematics of the QGP provide an innate geometric shield that naturally regularizes the continuous flow, suppressing the self-amplification of vortex tubes before any microscopic viscosity is required. Furthermore, we connect this expansion phase back to the highly non-equilibrium initial state. We quantitatively predict that under a peripheral dipole initial topology, the global mid-rapidity hyperon polarization vanishes ($P_Λ\lesssim 10^{-4}$), establishing that the definitive signature of the QGP's rotation must be sought in azimuthal differential measurements within the LHC and RHIC experimental programs.