Polarization images of non-topological soliton Bardeen boson stars

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the polarized images of non-topological soliton Bardeen boson stars by solving the coupled Einstein nonlinear electrodynamics complex scalar field equations, based on the thin accretion disk model surrounding these compact objects. We focus on the influence of key parameters, including the initial scalar field, magnetic charge, observer inclination angle, and magnetic field configuration, on the resulting polarization characteristics. The results show that the geometry of the magnetic field, particularly the relative strength between the radial \(B_r\) and angular \(B_θ\) components, plays a crucial role in determining the polarization pattern. Additionally, variations in the scalar field amplitude and magnetic charge significantly affect both the intensity and spatial distribution of the polarization. These results show that the polarization morphology is sensitive to the spacetime geometry and magnetic field configuration, and provide a qualitative basis for comparing boson stars with black holes.