Reconnection diagnostics for vortex tangles in Bose-condensed and superfluid dark matter halos

Abstract

Bose-Einstein-condensed (BEC) and superfluid dark-matter (SFDM) halos can contain coherent, wave-supported cores whose angular momentum is carried by quantized vortices. When vortices form a tangle, reconnections convert part of the vortex kinetic energy into dark phonons, density waves, Kelvin waves, and vortex loops, providing a microscopic channel by which SFDM vortex structure can affect halo-core evolution. We estimate the dynamical importance of this channel by combining the local Gross-Pitaevskii reconnection law with a halo-scale vortex-line density calibrated against Schrödinger-Poisson simulations. In the minimal model the released energy stays in the dark sector, and standard-model luminosity requires additional portal physics.