Two-player Alternate Uses Test: A Controlled Testbed for Interactive Human-AI and Human-Human Co-Creation

Abstract

Controlled research on AI ideation typically compares independent agents, while field studies of human-AI collaboration sacrifice experimental control. We introduce a controlled, two-player extension of the Alternate Uses Test (AUT) that enables comparison of human-human and human-AI co-creation under matched interactive conditions, alongside calibrated non-interactive baselines. The platform supports decomposition of performance into three typically confounded factors: participant traits, partner perceptions, and content dynamics. An in-person pilot (N = 62) demonstrates its utility. Under matched time limits, originality with a GPT-4 partner is statistically equivalent to that with a human partner. Approach motivation (BAS Drive) moderates whether interactive partnership benefits originality, and self-reported cognitive outsourcing predicts lower originality specifically in human-human dyads. Prior exposure to highly creative ideas improves later performance, suggesting a "seeding" intervention. We release the platform, code, and dataset as a shared testbed for controlled studies of human-AI co-creation.