Wall-bounded turbulence needs not be long

Abstract

Experiments on the regeneration of long streaks in flows in which they had originally been damped show that their initial growth is due to the interaction of the mean shear with long cross-flow velocities (rollers) that remain even when the streaks are damped. More surprisingly, turbulence also persists in simulations in which only the long rollers are damped while long streaks remain, and these flows are also able to recover when the damping is removed. Finally, simulations are presented in which both streaks and rollers longer than $λ_x^+ \approx 600$ are damped. They survive and regenerate, and an interpretation in terms of their energy balance is provided. In contraposition to the classical minimal channels, which include infinitely long structures, these new flows do not contain features longer than the damping wavelength, and support a model in which wall turbulence only depends on processes for which the geometric aspect ratio is of order unity.