Two-photon blockade without cascade channel in strong light-matter coupling

Abstract

We report a distinct two-photon blockade (termed as weak TPB) discovered in the strong-coupling regime of a parity-broken generalized quantum Rabi model, in addition to the other two-photon blockade (termed as strong TPB) in the ultrastrong coupling (USC) regime. In contrast to the strong TPB conventionally with opened cascade decay channel, the weak TPB phase emerges unconventionally with closed cascade decay channel. The closure of cascade channel originally allowed to open by parity breaking is unexpected and its opening in the strong-TPB regime is actually delayed. We extract a cubic law for the cascade transition rate that accounts for the suppression of cascade channel and the delayed opening in the two TPB regimes. Furthermore, we find that the population on the cascade state, which is crucial in the strong TPB, contrarily plays a minor role in the weak TPB. Instead, it is the upper state above the cascade that is relevant for the weak TPB. We demonstrate that the interplay of weak anharmonicity and resonant driving is the primary mechanism responsible for the upper-state population and the formation of weak TPB. Our analyses not only provide deeper insights into the nature of different TPBs, but also imply mechanism and manipulation diversities for the multi-photon blockade, which may open more avenues for developing quantum technologies on the manipulation level of individual quanta.