Scalar and vector bosons in a Bonnor-Melvin-$Λ$ spacetime: an exact Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau analysis

Abstract

We study scalar and vector bosons in the Bonnor--Melvin--$Λ$ spacetime within the Duffin--Kemmer--Petiau (DKP) formalism. By employing Umezawa's projection operators, we separate the physical spin-0 and spin-1 sectors and derive the corresponding exact second-order equations in the full curved spacetime, without relying on the conical approximation. For the scalar sector, the radial equation reduces to a Schrödinger-like equation with a trigonometric Pöschl--Teller effective potential. In the vector sector, the longitudinal mode is governed by the same effective potential, whereas the transverse polarizations are described by generalized trigonometric Pöschl--Teller potentials. Because the me\-tric function vanishes at a discrete set of radial points, the radial dynamics is naturally formulated as a singular Sturm--Liouville problem on a fundamental interval, with the physical radial domain fixed by the Friedrichs self-adjoint extension of the corresponding singular radial operators. As a result, all physical sectors exhibit purely discrete radial spectra, and their eigenfunctions are obtained in closed form. These results provide a unified exact treatment of scalar and vector bosons in the Bonnor--Melvin--$Λ$ spacetime, complement previous analyses based on the conical approximation, and clarify the role of the global geometric structure of the background in shaping confinement and spectral properties.