Slot-RAE: Streamlining Object-Centric Learning via Direct Representation Auto-Encoders

Abstract

Deploying object-centric models for real-world scene understanding typically requires complex pipelines to achieve both robust scene decomposition and high-fidelity generation. Recent diffusion-based approaches have improved visual quality, but they almost universally rely on heavy, pretrained generative priors (e.g., Stable Diffusion) and external VAE latent spaces. In this paper, we propose Slot-RAE, a much simpler, fully integrated framework that operates directly within the continuous semantic feature space of visual foundation models (e.g., DINOv3). Slot-RAE employs a feature-space diffusion process using a Diffusion Transformer (DiT) decoder and a Representation Alignment (REPA) head. Unlike existing diffusion-based objectcentric methods that rely heavily on subsidized text-toimage priors, the generative core of Slot-RAE (Slot Attention and the DiT) is trained from scratch within the frozen VFM feature space. This eliminates the need for VAE bottlenecks and task-agnostic generative pre-training. Experiments on the COCO dataset demonstrate that despite its architectural simplicity, Slot-RAE achieves state-of-the-art results. It delivers comparable unsupervised object discovery, higher-fidelity image reconstruction, and robust zero-shot compositionality, all while being significantly faster and more computationally efficient than existing object-centric latent diffusion models.