Particle decay and energy conservation in the Kerr-Newman black hole

Abstract

In this paper, we study the decay of a particle in Kerr--Newman spacetime. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that when a particle splits in Kerr--Newman spacetime, its mass is inevitably reduced, and this mass deficit is transformed into kinetic energy in the center-of-mass frame. We denote the parent particle as $O$ and the daughter particles as $A$ and $B$. We also find that as the charge parameter $Q$ increases, the specific angular momenta of the parent particle $O$ and the daughter particle $B$ become smaller, the masses of the two daughter particles become larger, the absolute values of their specific energies become smaller, the relative Lorentz factors among the three particles become smaller, and their four-velocities also become smaller. These trends are opposite to those observed when increasing the cosmological constant in Kerr--de Sitter spacetime.