Non-symmetric orthogonal geometry of Grothendieck rings of coherent sheaves on projective spaces

Abstract

In this paper we consider orthogonal geometry of the free $\protect\ZZ$-module $K_0(\protect\PP_n)$ with respect to the non-symmetric unimodular bilinear form $$χ(E,F)=\sum (-1)^ν\dim\ext^ν(E,F). $$ We calculate the isometry group of this form and describe invariants of its natural action on $K_0(\protect\PP_n)$. Also we consider some general constructions with non-symmetric unimodular forms. In particular, we discuss orthogonal decomposition of such forms and the action of the braid group on a set of semiorthonormal bases. We formulate a list of natural arithmetical conjectures about semiorthogonal bases of the form $χ$.