A Black Hole in the Superluminal source SAX J1819.3-2525 (V4641 Sgr)
Abstract
(shortened) Spectroscopic observations of the fast X-ray transient and superluminal jet source SAX J1819.3-2525 (V4641 Sgr) reveal a best fitting period of Pspect=2.81678 +/- 0.00056 days and a semiamplitude of K2=211.0 +/- 3.1 km/sec. The optical mass function is f(M)=2.74 +/- 0.12 solar masses. We find a photometric period of Pphoto=2.81730 +/- 0.00001 days using a light curve measured from photographic plates. The folded light curve resembles an ellipsoidal light curve with two maxima of roughly equal height and two minima of unequal depth per orbital cycle. The secondary star is a late B-type star which has evolved off the main sequence. Using a moderate resolution spectrum (R=7000) we measure Teff=10500 +/- 200K, log(g)=3.5 +/- 0.1, and Vrot*sin(i)=123 +/- 4 km/sec (1 sigma errors). Assuming synchronous rotation, our measured value of the projected rotational velocity implies a mass ratio of Q=M1/M2=1.50 +/- 0.08 (1sigma). The lack of X-ray eclipses implies an upper limit to the inclination of i<70.7 deg. On the other hand, the large amplitude of the folded light curve (about 0.5 mag) implies a large inclination (i>60 deg). Using the above mass function, mass ratio, and inclination range, the mass of the compact object is in the range 8.73 < M1 < 11.70 solar masses and the mass of the secondary star is in the range 5.49 < M2 < 8.14 solar masses (90% confidence). The mass of the compact object is well above the maximum mass of a stable neutron star and we conclude that V4641 Sgr contains a black hole.
Turn this paper into a full lesson
ArcXiv compiles a staged curriculum from this paper: 8-12 lessons across beginner → advanced, synthesised section guides, visuals, flashcards, a quiz, exercises, and on-demand deep dives per section. Grounded in the abstract, never invented.