Discovering internal symmetry in cosmology

Abstract

Internal (non-geometric) symmetry is recognized and studied as a new phenomenon in cosmology. Symmetry relates cosmic vacuum to non-vacuum forms of cosmic energies, which are dark matter, baryons, and radiation. It is argued that the origin and physical nature of cosmic internal symmetry are due to the interplay between gravity and electroweak scale physics in the early universe. The time-independent characteristic number associated with this symmetry is found in terms of the Planck energy and the electroweak energy scale. Cosmic internal symmetry provides a framework which suggests a consistent solution to both the `cosmic coincidence problem' and the `naturalness problem' that have been considered as the most severe challenge to current concepts in cosmology and fundamental physics.