Dependences of the X-ray luminosity and pulsar wind nebula on different parameters of pulsars and the evolutionary effects

Abstract

Dependences of the X-ray luminosity (L$_x$) of single pulsars, due to ejection of relativistic particles, on electric field intensity, rate of rotational energy loss (Ė), magnetic field, period, and the energy spectra of the ejected particles are discussed. Influence of the magnetic field and effects of some other parameters of neutron stars on the L$_x$-Ė and the L$_x$-$τ$ (characteristic time) dependences are considered. Evolutionary factors also play an important role in our considerations. We find that only the pulsars with L$_{2-10keV}$$>10^{33}$ erg/s have pulsar wind nebula around them. The pulsars from which $γ$-ray radiation has been observed have low X-ray luminosities in general.