Batch discovery of nine z~1 clusters using x-ray and K or R,z' images

Abstract

We present results of an initial search for clusters of galaxies at z~1 and above, using data from 2.9 square degrees of XMM-Newton images. By selecting weak potentially extended X-ray sources with faint or no identifications in deep, ground-based optical imaging, we have constructed a starting sample of 19 high redshift cluster candidates. Near-IR and R,z' imaging of these fields identified nine of them as high redshift systems. Six of these were confirmed spectroscopically, three at z~1.0 and the other three in 0.8<z<0.92 range. The remaining three systems have solid photometric evidence to be at z_phot ~ 0.8, 1.0 and 1.3. The present sample significantly increases the number of such clusters. The measured density of z>~1 clusters, after discarding "low" redshift systems at z <~ 0.92 is about 1.7 /deg2 (with 68 % confidence interval equal to [1.0,2.9]) for f_X >~2.5 10^{-15} ergs/cm2/s ([0.5-2] keV) and this is a lower limit, having screened not all potential z~1 candidate clusters. Coordinates, x-ray measures and evidence for nine x-ray selected high redshift clusters is given.