Coherent Development of Neutrino Flavor in the Supernova Environment

Abstract

We calculate coherent neutrino and antineutrino flavor transformation in the supernova environment, for the first time including a self-consistent treatment of forward scattering-induced coupling and entanglement of intersecting neutrino/antineutrino trajectories. For the atmospheric neutrino mass-squared difference we find that in the normal (inverted) mass hierarchy the more tangentially-propagating (radially-propagating) neutrinos and antineutrinos can initiate collective, simultaneous medium-enhanced flavor conversion of these particles across broad ranges of energy and propagation direction. Accompanying alterations in neutrino/antineutrino energy spectra and/or fluxes could affect supernova nucleosynthesis and the expected neutrino signal.