The Supernova Ring Revisited II: Distance to the LMC

Abstract

I derive an upper limit to the distance to SN 1987A of $\dsn<46.77\pm 0.76\,\kpc$, or a distance modulus $μ_\sn<18.350\pm 0.035$. If SN 1987A lies in the plane of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and hence 500 pc in front of the LMC center, this implies $μ_\lmc<18.37\pm 0.04$. The determination rests on a new measurement of the caustics in the ionized-emission light curves of $t_-=75.0\pm 2.6\,$days and $t_+=390.0\pm 1.8\,$days. The estimate assumes that the ring is circular. This assumption is shown to be consistent with the available data and can be subjected to a future precise test. Moreover, I have previously shown that modest deviations from circularity (eccentricities $e<0.4$) affect the result by $<1\%$. The upper limit to the distance modulus to M31 is $μ_{\rm M31} < 24.43\pm 0.06$. If the response function of the supernova-ring gas is prompt, then these upper limits become equalities.