MEASURING SPIRAL ARM TORQUES: RESULTS FOR M100

Abstract

Spiral arms, if they are massive, exert gravitational torques that transport angular momentum radially within galactic disks. These torques depend not on the pattern speed or permanence of the arms but only on the nonaxisymmetric mass distribution. Hence the torques can be measured from photometry. We demonstrate this using $gri$ CCD data for M100 (NGC 4321). Since we find consistency among the three bands, we believe that dust and young stars in the arms do not seriously bias our results. If the present epoch is representative, the timescale for redistribution of angular momentum in M100 is $5-10$ Gyr, the main uncertainty being the mass-to-light ratio of the disk.