Generic Evolution Of Deuterium And Helium-3

Abstract

The primordial abundances of deuterium and of helium-3, produced during big bang nucleosynthesis, depend sensitively on the baryon density. Thus, the observed abundances of D and \he may provide useful ``baryometers'' provided the evolution from primordial to present (or, presolar nebula) abundances is understood. Inevitably, the derivation of primordial from observed abundances requires the intervention of a model for galactic evolution and, so, the inferred primordial abundances are, necessarily, model dependent. Here, an analytic framework for the evolution of D and \he is presented which is ``generic'' in the sense that it should describe the results of any specific galactic evolution model. The ``effective \he survival fraction'', $Γ_3$, is the one free parameter which is model specific. Solar system and interstellar data are used to infer upper and lower bounds to the primordial deuterium mass fraction $(X_{2P})$ as a function of $Γ_3$ and, these bounds are used to constrain the present baryon-to-photon ratio $(η)$ and baryon density $(Ω_B)$. For $Γ_3 \geq$ 1/4 it is found that (from D and \he alone): $3.1 \leq η_{10} \leq 9.0$; $0.045 \leq Ω_B h^2_{50} \leq 0.133$ (where $H_0 = 50h_{50}$ km$\,$s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$).