New Constraints on the Luminosity Evolution of Spheroidal Galaxies in Distant Clusters

Abstract

We investigate various probes of luminosity evolution in the rich cluster environment, concentrating in particular on the spheroidal (E/S0) galaxies, using a newly-constructed catalog of morphologically-classified Hubble Space Telescope images of galaxies observed in the cores of 13 clusters with redshifts 0.17<z<0.56. An important distinction of this study compared to earlier work is the availability of new near-infrared ground-based photometry for a substantial subset of our HST fields, which we have used to select and study the various populations. We find no significant change in the characteristic luminosity of the spheroidal populations at redshifts of 0.31 and 0.56. As a more sensitive probe of luminosity evolution, deriving effective metric radii and mean effective surface brightnesses. At the standard condition corresponding to R_e = 1 kpc, we find convincing evidence of evolutionary brightening in both rest-frame B and K light, consistent with model predictions based on the passive evolution of stellar populations.