GZK Violation - a Tempest in a (Magnetic) Teapot?
Abstract
The apparent lack of suitable astrophysical sources for the observed highest energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) within ≈ 20 Mpc is the "GZK Paradox". We constrain representative models of the extra-galactic magnetic field structure by Faraday Rotation measurements; limits are at the μG level rather than the nG level usually assumed. In such fields, even the highest energy cosmic rays experience large deflections. This allows nearby AGNs (possibly quiet today) or GRBs to be the source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays without contradicting the GZK distance limit.
Turn this paper into a full lesson
ArcXiv compiles a staged curriculum from this paper: 8-12 lessons across beginner → advanced, synthesised section guides, visuals, flashcards, a quiz, exercises, and on-demand deep dives per section. Grounded in the abstract, never invented.