The Very Extended Ionized Nebula around the Quasar MR2251-178

Abstract

We report the results of deep H-alpha imaging of the ionized gas surrounding the low-redshift (z=0.0638) quasar MR 2251-178 using the TAURUS Tunable Filter (TTF) on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. Our observations reach a 2-sigma detection level of ~5 x 10^-18 erg s^-1 cm^-2 arcsec^-2, more than an order of magnitude deeper than conventional narrowband images previously published on this object. Our data reveal a spiral complex that extends more or less symmetrically over ~200 kpc, making it the largest known quasar nebula. The total mass of ionized gas is 6 x 10^10 solar masses (upper limit), a large fraction of which is in a very faint, diffuse component. The large and symmetric extent of the gaseous envelope favors a model in which the filamentary and diffuse emission arises from a large cloud complex, photoionized by the bright quasar. A crude kinematic analysis reveals relatively smooth rotation, suggesting that the envelope did not originate with a cooling flow, a past merger event, or an interaction with the nearby galaxy G1.