Charge-density waves in the Hubbard chain: evidence for 4kF instability
Abstract
Charge density waves in the Hubbard chain are studied by means of finite-temperature Quantum Monte Carlo simulations and Lanczos diagonalizations for the ground state. We present results both for the charge susceptibilities and for the charge structure factor at densities =1/6 and 1/3; for =1/2 (quarter filled) we only present results for the charge structure factor. The data are consistent with a 4kF instability dominating over the 2kF one, at least for sufficiently large values of the Coulomb repulsion, U. This can only be reconciled with the Luttinger liquid analyses if the amplitude of the 2kF contribution vanishes above some U*().
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