Hidden topological order in 23Na (F=1) Bose-Einstein Condensates
Abstract
We show the existence of a new hidden topological order in 23Na (F=1) Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) with antiferromagnetic interactions. Occurrence of this order is due to the confinement of hedgehogs in BEC where a spin Josephson effect takes place. However, a topological long range order is also argued to coexist with a short range spin correlation, as a result of topological order from disorder.
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