Wave-Function Factorization of the Normal-Ordered 1D Hubbard Model for Finite Values of the On-site Repulsion U

Abstract

In this paper we find that in the thermodynamic limit and for the the ground-state normal-ordered 1D Hubbard model the wave function of the excited energy eigenstates which span the Hilbert subspace where the finite-number-electron excitations are contained factorizes for all values of the on-site Coulombian repulsion U. This factorization results from the absence of residual energy interactions for the pseudofermions whose occupancy configurations describe these states. Our study includes the introduction of the pseudoparticle - pseudofermion unitary transformation and of an operator algebra for both the pseudoparticles and the pseudofermions. As the corresponding pseudoparticles, the $cν$ pseudofermions (and $sν$ pseudofermions) are $η$-spin zero $2ν$-holon composite quantum objects (and spin zero $2ν$-spinon composite quantum objects) where $ν=1, 2,...$. The pseudofermion description is the most suitable for the study of the finite-energy spectral properties.