Dephasing of a flux-qubit coupled to a harmonic oscillator

Abstract

Decoherence in superconducting qubits is known to arise because of a variety of environmental degrees of freedom. In this article, we focus on the influence of thermal fluctuations in a weakly damped circuit resonance coupled to the qubit. Because of the coupling, the qubit frequency is shifted by an amount $n δν_0$ if the resonator contains $n$ energy quanta. Thermal fluctuations induce temporal variations $n(t)$ and thus dephasing. We give an approximate formula for the qubit dephasing time as a function of $δν_0$. We discuss the specific case of a flux-qubit coupled to the plasma mode of its DC-SQUID detector. We first derive a plasma mode-qubit interaction hamiltonian which, in addition to the usual Jaynes-Cummings term, has a coupling term quadratic in the oscillator variables coming from the flux-dependence of the SQUID Josephson inductance. Our model predicts that $δν_0$ cancels in certain non-trivial bias conditions for which dephasing due to thermal fluctuations should be suppressed.