Coexistence of double-Q spin density wave and multi-Q pair density wave in cuprate oxide superconductors

Abstract

Spatial 4a x 4a modulations, with a the lattice constant of CuO2 planes, or the so called checkerboards can arise from double-Q spin density wave (SDW) with Q1 = (pm pi/a, pm 3 pi/4a) and Q2 = (pm 3 pi/4a, pm pi/a). When multi-Q pair density wave, that is, the condensation of d gamma-wave Cooper pairs with zero total momenta, pm 2Q1, pm 2Q2, pm 4Q1, pm 4Q2, and so on is induced by the SDW, gaps can have fine structures similar to those of the so called zero-temperature pseudogaps.

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