Knotted Solitons in a Charged Two-Condensate Bose System
Abstract
By making use of the decomposition of U(1) gauge potential theory and the φ mapping method, we propose that a charged two-condensate Bose system possesses vortex lines and two classes of knotted solitons. The topological charges of the vortex lines are characterized by the Hopf indices and the Brower degrees of φ-mapping, and the knotted solitons are described by the nontrivial Hopf invariant and the BF action, respectively.
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