Coulomb glass simulations: Creation of a set of low-energy many-particle states, non-ergodic effects in the specific heat

Abstract

We have implemented a new numerical method to obtain the low-energy many-particle states of the Coulomb glass. First, this method creates an initial set of low-energy states by a hybrid of local search and simulated annealing approaches. Then, systematically investigating the surroundings of the states found, this set is completed. The transition rates between these states are calculated. The connectivity of the corresponding graph is analysed in dependence on temperature and duration of measurement. We study how the formation of clusters is reflected in the specific heat as non-ergodic effects.