Critical behaviour of three-dimensional Ising ferromagnets at imperfect surfaces: Bounds on the surface critical exponent $\beta_1$

Abstract

The critical behaviour of three-dimensional semi-infinite Ising ferromagnets at planar surfaces with (i) random surface-bond disorder or (ii) a terrace of monatomic height and macroscopic size is considered. The Griffiths-Kelly-Sherman correlation inequalities are shown to impose constraints on the order-parameter density at the surface, which yield upper and lower bounds for the surface critical exponent $\beta_1$. If the surface bonds do not exceed the threshold for supercritical enhancement of the pure system, these bounds force $\beta_1$ to take the value $\beta_1^{ord}$ of the latter system's ordinary transition. This explains the robustness of $\beta_1^{ord}$ to such surface imperfections observed in recent Monte Carlo simulations.