Non-Riemannian effective spacetime effects on Hawking radiation in superfluids

Abstract

Riemannian effective spacetime description of Hawking radiation in $^{3}He-A$ superfluids is extended to non-Riemannian effective spacetime. An example is given of non-Riemannian effective geometry of the rotational motion of the superfluid vacuum around the vortex where the effective spacetime Cartan torsion can be associated to the Hawking giving rise to a physical interpretation of effective torsion recently introduced in the literature in the form of an acoustic torsion in superfluid $^{4}He$ (PRD-70(2004),064004). Curvature and torsion singularities of this $^{3}He-A$ fermionic superfluid are investigated. This Lense-Thirring effective metric, representing the superfluid vacuum in rotational motion, is shown not support Hawking radiation when the isotropic $^{4}He$ is restored at far distances from the vortex axis. Hawking radiation can be expressed also in topological solitons (moving domain walls) in fermionic superfluids in non-Riemannian (teleparallel) $(1+1)$ dimensional effective spacetime. A teleparallel solution is proposed where the quasiparticle speed is determined from the teleparallel geometry.